MTL - I-Chapter 64 063【Zhu Zi】

   Chapter 64 063 [Zhu Zi]

  A schoolboy completes the enlightenment and formally studies the Four Books and Five Classics. The first sentence of the scriptures that he comes into contact with is: the way of university lies in clearing Mingde, being close to the people, and ending in perfection.

  It is the beginning of a scholar's dream, the beginning of a scholar's academic career, the motto of a scholar's life, and the ultimate pursuit of a scholar!

  Ming Mingde: Human beings are born into the world, they are fundamentally aware of the principles of heaven, and are blinded by turbid qi, so they are muddled. We should get rid of the filth and re-understand the truth of heaven and earth.

  Close to the people: Zhu Xi believes that it is a new people, a means of eradicating filth, and a process of comprehending the principles of heaven. Wang Yangming thinks it is close to the people, and he talks about benevolence and love governing the country and the world. However, both of them believed that "Ming Ming De" must be extended to all peoples.

  Stop at the ultimate good: to make oneself, all people, all things, and all things tend to be taken for granted.

  Zhao Han was afraid that ordinary scholars would not understand, so he immediately explained what he said:

   "Being virtuous, being close to the people, and striving for perfection is the principle that everyone can become Yao and Shun. Mencius pursued it this way, Zhu Zi pursued it this way, and Duke Yangming pursued it this way."

  "If personality is born unequal, how can everyone be sanctified? If everyone can be sanctified, how can there be personality inequality?"

   ""University" talks about morality and closeness to the people, which means that personality is born equal. To stop at the ultimate good, it not only pursues the equality of all people, but also the pursuit of equality and holiness for everyone!"

  "Only by establishing this principle, that human beings are born equal, can we be virtuous, be close to the people, be able to achieve the ultimate good, and be able to cultivate ourselves, regulate our family, govern our country and the world!"

   These words are a very conspicuous nail in the foundation of Neo Confucianism.

  Cai Maode, Pang Chunlai and others have long understood what Zhao Han meant.

   Explain in detail at this time, some ordinary scholars also understood, and were excited by these words.

  The theory of personality, everyone is equal, can be integrated into the way of the university, and it is also a supplement and improvement to the way of the university.

  At the same time, Zhao Han is also shouting slogans, let everyone not hesitate, act quickly, spread the idea of ​​equality to the world, practice the way of a university, and practice the way of a sage!

   Establish a school?

   He certainly wasn't qualified enough.

  He just proposed a new idea, and many people need to work together to perfect the theory.

  Zhao Han builds the framework, everyone adds flesh and blood, and countless sages can throw in it. Many Confucian classics full of contradictions can also be rounded up with the help of the "theory of personality".

  Thought storm has struck.

  As if a flash of lightning flashed by, Cai Maode suddenly closed his eyes, trembling slightly all over—he suddenly thought of something else.

  He has been studying Wang Yangming's "Theory of Pulling the Source and Stopping the Source" since he was a boy, and he has always understood its reason but failed to find the way. Even Wang Yangming himself could not find a solution.

  However, Zhao Han's "Theory of Gestation" provides a theoretically supported solution for the key content of "pull out the root and stop the source"!

   It can only be said that it was a mistake.

  Zhao Han has not read "Pu Ben Se Yuan Lun", because Qianshan Fei studied Confucianism, Wang Yangming's works are not collected much, but Zhu Xi's works have a complete collection.

  Cai Maode was full of thoughts, both excited and fearful.

  The key issue of "pull out the root and plug the source" can be solved with the "theory of personality", but the "equality of personality" must be extended to the whole world.

  Cai Maode knows how difficult it is, and the study of mind emphasizes the unity of knowledge and action. Now he "knows", but it is difficult to "act". While the whole person is suffering and entangled, he can't help but feel the urge to die.

  When Cai Maode opened his eyes again, the debate had turned into a vegetable market.

  Supporters and opponents quarreled with each other, but Zhao Han was left in the center of the debate.

   "Ahem!"

  Cai Maode, as the president of the debate committee, shouted loudly: "Silence, silence!"

  No effect, the noise remains the same.

  Fei Yuanlu could only walk around the audience, and as the head of the mountain, forcibly scolded him to be quiet.

   Waiting for no one to speak anymore, Cai Maode finally said: "Defending justice is not cursing, don't be rude. Whoever has questions, take your time one by one."

   Just as Cai Maode finished speaking, the audience started arguing again.

   "For me, I agree with the theory of status. As long as I uphold justice, as long as I practice virtue diligently, although I can't compare with saints, I am still a noble person in the world!"

  "Nonsense, respect is respect, and humbleness is humble. How can one be respected and the other be humble, how can one be humble and the other be respected? If everyone thinks this way, there must be chaos. This is a monster in a troubled world!"

  "The characters do not match, the beasts live high in the temple, and the small ones harm the place. This is the reason for the troubled times. You should use your personality to get your position. This is the principle of a saint's 'use of talents'."

   "You say you have a noble personality, so are you really noble? I'm afraid they are all hypocrites!"

   "Bastard, An dare to slander me!"

   "..."

   This time the quarrel was even more violent, and even started personal attacks.

  If it is not stopped, it may escalate into a physical attack.

   "Stop arguing, stop arguing," Fei Yuanlu went to appease the audience again, "Masters, if you want to speak, please raise your hands first."

   Swipe, hold up a lot.

  Fei Yuanlu started the roll call from the teacher: "Mr. Chen, you go first."

  Chen Lide couldn't sit still at all, walked directly into the arena, and questioned Zhao Han: "The ruler guides the ministers, the father guides the son, and the husband guides the wife. How can there be equality. You are disturbing the rules!"

  Zhao Han smiled and said: "Gang, rope, law, and control. It just refers to the person. Is this related to personality? Does this hinder the equality of personality?"

  Chen Lide finally couldn't bear it anymore: "If the emperor has no virtue, can the subjects still rebel?"

  Zhao Han put away his smile, looked serious, and cupped his hands to the north: "If the emperor has no virtue, the ministers should practice virtue more diligently, and assist the emperor to be virtuous and benevolent. This is exactly the principle of 'To the Emperor, Yao and Shun'."

Chen Lide couldn't refute this, and immediately sweated on his forehead, beat his chest and said: "Zhu Ziyan, men and women have an order of superiority and inferiority, and couples follow suit. Since husbands advocate women follow suit, it means men are superior to women, and husbands are superior to wives. Husband Even if there is no virtue, women can only follow!"

  As soon as this remark came out, the audience was in an uproar.

  Another teacher yelled: "Old man, you are so damned, how dare you misinterpret Zhu Zi's words!"

  Chen Lide choked back: "This is Zhu Zi's original intention, how did I misinterpret it?"

  When everyone was about to make a fuss, and when Fei Yuanlu suppressed the noise of the debate, Zhao Han smiled and said, "Mr. Chen, this sentence was not said by Zhu Zi, but Cheng Zi (Cheng Yi)'s words that Zhu Zi included in his book."

   What Cheng Yi said?

  Chen Lide was a little embarrassed, he thought it was Zhu Xi who said it. But the loser does not lose the battle, and said stubbornly again: "Since Zhu Zi accepts Cheng Zi's words, it means Zhu Zi agrees with this reason!"

Zhao Han laughed loudly: "Mr. Chen, I'm not very knowledgeable, and I don't know too much about Confucian classics. But when it comes to Zhu Zi, I still have some research. The library of Hanzhu Academy has all of Zhu Zi's works, including Zhu Zi and his friends. , Students’ correspondence. In the past three years, I have read all of Zhu Zi’s works. May I ask Mr. Chen, how many of Zhu Zi’s works have you read?”

  Chen Lide suddenly felt bad. Regarding Zhu Xi's articles, he had only carefully read "Four Books Collection" because it was the content of the imperial examination.

  Of course, Chen Lide is stronger than ordinary scholars, and he has also roughly read "Zhu Zi Yu Lei".

  As for Zhu Xi's other works, I only ran to read them when I was bored.

   "Don't talk so much, Zhu Zi accepts Cheng Zi's words, and agrees that husbands advocate women to follow suit," Chen Lide said with a sneer, "You say men and women are equal, you say husbands and wives are equal, you are disobeying Zhu Zi and Cheng Zi!"

  Zhao Han shook his head and said: "Zhu Zi has collected many words from Cheng Zi, including the phrase 'starving to death is a small matter, but injustice is a major matter'."

  Is this sentence also said by Cheng Yi?

  Chen Lide thought to himself that it was a fluke, he thought it was Zhu Xi who said it, and almost yelled out together just now.

  Zhao Han looked around the crowd: "The matter of starvation to death is very small, and the matter of injustice is great. How many women have been harmed by this sentence? If Zhu Ziquan knows, I am afraid that he will scold his disciples and grandchildren. Everyone is a generation who has forgotten their ancestors!"

   "Is there still something wrong with keeping the chastity?" Chen Lide suddenly became excited, thinking that he had caught Zhao Han's words.

  Zhao Han took out a few sheets of paper from his arms, all of which he copied from Zhu Xi's quotations, specially preparing for today's debate.

Turning to Zhu Xi's Quotations, Zhao Han began to rectify Zhu Xi's name: "Zhu Zi recorded the story of Cheng Zi's father remarrying his niece twice in "Jin Si Lu". , Injustice is a big deal', but Cheng Zi's father made his niece remarry twice. Mr. Chen, do you know how Zhu Zi answered?"

  Chen Lide is already going crazy, as if his views have been subverted.

  Cheng Yi said that "starving to death is a small matter, but injustice is a major matter", but his father actually violated it himself, and violated it twice!

  Zhao Han continued: "Zhu Zi replied, the outline is so great, but there are things that people can't do!"

  Zhu Xi's meaning is obvious. Observing festivals is a Confucian standard, and of course it should be observed. However, not everyone can do it, and the requirements of a saint cannot be imposed on mortals.

  Chen Lide immediately grasped the key point: "What people can't do is because of the collapse of rites and music. Ordinary people can't abide by the rules and regulations. Zhu Zi is heartbroken for this!"

   "Is that true?"

Zhao Han looked down at Zhu Xi's quotations, and said, "Then let's look at other things Zhu Xi said. Zhu Zi said: In general, etiquette is more important than food and sex. For those who are not interested in color, only those who are rational, clear, and righteous are the ones who can control them without losing their ears."

   (Zhu Xi said: Rituals and laws are important, but there are priorities in worldly affairs. Only those who truly understand the scriptures and principles can weigh the pros and cons.)

Zhao Han continued: "This sentence may still be ambiguous. Let's look at the next sentence: Those who cover the scriptures only have a big law, which is justified. Covering the subtle twists and turns is certainly not what the scriptures can do... the authoritative That is the essence of the scriptures.”

(Zhu Xi said: The Confucian classics only provide the programmatic spirit, and only provide the right truth. The subtleties are hard to describe. Scrutinize the situation, deal with changes, do not copy the scriptures mechanically, and use the scriptures flexibly to truly master the scriptures. the essence of righteousness.)

  Chen Lide still refused to admit defeat: "This passage is Zhu Zi's debate on the scriptures, not Zhu Zi's approval of widows' remarriage."

"Okay, let's talk more directly," Zhao Han continued to narrate Zhu Xi's quotations, "Chen Shizhong's sister is unwilling to remarry, Zhu Zi persuaded her like this: Starving to death is a very small thing, and injustice is a big thing, from the secular point of view, sincerity is pedantic! "

   Sensation!

  The audience was a sensation!

  Countless teachers and students stood up in shock. They studied hard in cold windows, respecting Cheng Zhu Neo Confucianism.

   Never knew that Zhu Xi actually advised widows to remarry, and even said that "starving to death is a minor matter, but injustice is a major matter" is a pedantic statement.

  It turns out that you are such Zhu Xi!

  (end of this chapter)